Vision

Why Mobeka?



"Mobeka?"

Mobeka is the Lingala term used by local captains on the Congo River to describe the line on the water that indicates the boundary between the deep, navigable part of the river and the dangerous shallows that lure with rocks and sandbanks on the other side. Yes, Mobeka is about identifying and following the boundaries of what is possible.

Background

Technocratic development projects frequently ignore the skills, perspectives and solutions of local actors, despite their proven effectiveness, social embeddedness and often long history. The Mobeka Initiative emerged from research on the transportation practices on the inland waterways of the Democratic Republic of Congo, and in particular the wooden “baleinières” rivercraft. The baleinières are notorious for their frequent accidents, which result in heavy losses of life and economic resources. Less well known, however, is the enormous role they play in the food security of the country, especially of river-borne cities including the DR Congo’s capital Kinshasa. Equally little known is the baleinières are part of a complex system of vernacular logistics that has developed without any public intervention: Not only do they rely on and involve a large number of small actors. They also fundamentally reshape the transportation network of water-based mobility across the Congo Basin for millions of local traders and travelers. The research indicates that much can be learned from local practices. We believe that in times of ever greater need — driven by population growth and galloping urbanisation — a well-judged participatory intervention, with the researcher acting as co-actor in the field, can be not only a fruitful method but also a rewarding and necessary way of giving back. As one example, Mobeka is currently planning to develop, together with EBMS / TU Berlin, a safer, more economical, and more ecological propulsion system, building on its research and experience with the dakadaka engines now in use and the mechanics who work on them in the field. 

The Ship

Mobeka combines scientific research and concrete action through the association’s own ship, which actively takes part in Congo’s everyday river trade. The HB Mobeka has an iron hull, and its superstructure has been crafted out of local redwood by local boat builder Didier Somboyo. The construction process was supported by the social welfare programme of the “Gerda Henkel Stiftung”. The HB Mobeka participates in the local river transport along with wooden baleinières, carrying people and goods between Kisangani and Basoko (240km), or between Kisangani and Yahisuli on the Lomami River (260km). the activity feeds twelve families and makes transport for 50 river traders more secure. In the meantime, it is a living platform for action research, lending unique insights into Congo’s popular river economy, its ever-evolving transport geography, local technical culture, vernacular logistics and multi-modality, etc. The proceeds from the transport activity in turn help us to sustain our research school in a quest for epistemic autonomy.

Too many shipwrecks

The food security of Congo’s riverine cities is largely due to the frugal and endogenous river transport system based on wooden baleinières. However, the system is plagued by frequent boat accidents. There are numerous factors involved (see the initial analysis here), which result in local traders losing all their economic capital, if not their lives. Mobeka’s mission is to scientifically investigate and proactively tackle the underlying causes of boat accidents on Congo’s inland waterways. These accidents are a result of a number of factors, including economic pressures, a lack of proper vocational training and the rivercrafts’ material weaknesses.

Research school

An in-depth understanding of the complex social and environmental changes taking place today requires astute observation and documentation of people’s empirical lifeworlds. As local universities are primarily focused on teaching rather than research, our research school aims to enhance the skills of ethnographic fieldwork, research design, and scientific writing of a local team of students. Our overall aim is to strengthen the social sciences’ contribution to knowledge and debate about climate and environmental change, transport, engineering, and planning.

Project development

Building on the experience gained with the MB Mobeka, Mobeka develops and carries out projects that promote the conversion of wooden baleinières to metal rivercraft — along with the associated skills — as well as the careful training of local crews as partners rather than recipients, on the basis of their existing skills and knowledge. The aim is to strengthen the local economy (fewer accidents, longer vessel lifespans), reduce environmental impact (less deforestation, lower dependence on fossil fuels through more efficient propulsion) and improve food security and overall human security through safer transport.

The WAMOIA network

From 24 to 28 March 2026, around 26 scholars and actors from 16 countries gathered in Dakar, Senegal, to participate in a conference on ‘Africa’s Waterways’, funded by the German Research Agency’s (DFG) Point-Sud Network. The growing importance of water-based mobility — a topic that continues to receive too little attention from researchers and policymakers alike — prompted the founding of the WAMOIA Network on “Water and Mobility in Africa”. The network aims to connect scholars working in or on various African contexts, to make historical and ethnographic source materials systematically accessible in ways that foreground local actors and researchers, and to share teaching and pedagogical resources. Mobeka is pleased to offer the network its website for use during the start-up phase.